MPEG-4 & the Value of Standards

An MPEG-4 Industry Forum Perspective

 

M4IF Charter
  • To further the adoption of the MPEG-4 Standard, by establishing MPEG-4 as an accepted and widely used standard among application developers, service providers, content creators and end users.
  • The purpose of M4IF shall be pursued by: 
    • promoting MPEG-4
    • making available information on MPEG-4
    • making available MPEG-4 tools or giving information on where to obtain these
    • creating a single point for information about MPEG-4
    • creating industrial focus around the usage of MPEG-4.

Good News
  • MPEG-4 has great potential
  • The MPEG-4 Spec is available – you can buy it from ISO
  • There is a free and openly available reference software
  • MPEG-4 has got the industry’s attention
  • Product development is proceeding
  • Industry support for MPEG-4 is growing
Bad News
  • Some of the media do not understand MPEG-4 very well
  • The misinformation campaign has begun
    • "Standards are an obstacle to progress"
  • Apparently, MPEG-4 has some vendors scared.

 


MPEG-4 – The FUD

(Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt)


What They Want You to Believe Reality

Standards impede innovation

Standards Build Markets
  • TV Broadcast
  • Telecommunications
  • Consumer electronics
  • And, of course, the Internet and the WWW

Standards Fuel Innovation

  • Portable media devices
    • Music players, cameras, camcorders
  • Wired technologies link portable devices to PC
    • USB, Firewire
  • Optical disc storage bridges PC to CE
    • DVD-R, CD-RW
  • Wireless networking
    • Handhelds, mobile phones
Standards are obsolete 
by the time they are done
Standards Do Survive the Test of Time
  • NTSC - 1953
  • VHS -1976
  • CD - 1980
  • TCP/IP - 1981
  • MPEG-1, MP3 - 1992
  • MPEG-2 - 1994

Standards Help Markets Mature

  • Support compatibility over time
  • Support interoperability between vendors
  • Minimize over-reliance on a single vendor
    • No one company can service all the needs
    • No one implementation is best for every use
Standards don’t deliver high quality

Corollary: Standards are frozen for all time

Standards Achieve Quality Without Churn
  • Specification captures best core technologies
  • Standard provides many degrees of freedom
  • Well-defined process to enhance the standard
    • Balances interests of entire community
  • Law of large numbers will prevail
    • Cast of thousands working in the open to improve quality

MPEG-4 is more than Simple Visual Profile!

  • Quality comparisons are invariably based on Simple Visual Profile
    • This is MPEG-4’s lowest complexity conformance point
    • There are more Profiles, that give significantly better quality

Case in Point—MPEG-2

  • Standardized in 1994
  • Yet momentum continues to grow
  • Digital satellite, Terrestrial cable, DVD, HDTV
  • Quality continues to improve
  • Costs continue to drop
Standards bear onerous patent royalties,
so costs will be high
Standards Minimize Lifecycle Costs
  • ISO requires licensing on reasonable & non-discriminatory terms and conditions from contributors
    • Contributing companies have signed up for this
  • Standards support “encode once” philosophy
    • Format churn is very expensive
  • Standards support “best practices” workflow
    • End-to-end workflow remains a black art
MPEG-4 is still not ready MPEG-4 has been ready since 1998
  • The specs can be bought from ISO
  • MPEG-4 Version 1 was ready in October 1998
  • MPEG-4 Version 2 was ready in December 1999
  • Several additions were completed after 1999
  • None of these additions invalidated any earlier version
    • Rather, they add new Profiles to the existing ones
  • The Standard is here and ready to be used
MPEG-4 is unstable As for every commercial product new functionalities are being added
  • Textual format (interoperability with SMIL, X3D)
  • Interoperable Intellectual Property Management and Protection 
  • Advanced 3D graphics and animation
  • Multiuser worlds

The Case in Favor of Standards is Clear


And MPEG-4 is Not Alone
  • Internet Streaming Media Alliance
  • 3GPP and 3GPP-2
  • Wireless Multimedia Forum
  • JPEG 2000
  • DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale) Consortium
  • And many others…

Yet There Are Challenges Standards aren’t a quick fix
  • Patience and persistence required
  • Interoperability between vendors MUST be achieved
  • Patent licenses must be simple to obtain
    • Royalties must reflect market realities
  • Must fight the FUD